In this lecture recital, Grace Vangel, M.S., CCC-SLP, explores both physiological and behavioral factors that influence gender expression through a voice-science lens. They will first describe and demonstrate several of the physiological changes made to the vocal mechanism in order to masculinize or feminize the human voice, citing spectrograms and vocal anatomy in order to briefly explain the physics behind why certain sounds are perceived to be more masculine/feminine. Grace will then outline factors dictated by composers that impact gender expression, including rate of speech, sentence types, intonation patterns, and content of the text. Lastly, Grace will discuss what it means to be a non-binary soprano in the twenty-first century, and the power of a singer’s characterization choices in projecting gender identity onto characters.